If You Have Had Salmonella Is It Easier to Get It Again
Salmonella
Salmonella is one of the most common types of nutrient poisoning acquired by bacteria. It usually means stomach cramps and diarrhea that lasts four to seven days. Information technology tin be more serious for some people.
Overview
What is salmonella?
Salmonella is one of the virtually common types of nutrient poisoning caused by bacteria in the The states. The U.s.a. Centers for Disease Control gets about 42,000 reports of salmonella each year. Experts there believe the total number of cases really may be more than than ane.2 million. Salmonella is more than common in the summer than the wintertime.
Salmonella usually is a brief affliction with stomach cramps and diarrhea that lasts 4 to 7 days. In some people, the diarrhea can exist severe or last longer. In general, children are more likely to get salmonella than other age groups.
Who is at chance for severe salmonella?
- Older people (age 65 and older)
- Infants
- People with weak immune systems (cancer patients, frail elderly people, people with HIV or AIDS).
- People with inflammatory bowel disease (Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn'south Disease)
Symptoms and Causes
How does a person get salmonella?
Salmonella are a type of bacteria that can live in the digestive tract (intestines) of humans and other animals. Salmonella tin can laissez passer out of the intestines into poop (carrion/stool). A person can get infected with Salmonella by:
- Eating undercooked foods contaminated with animal carrion.
- Cooking food destroys Salmonella. Eating raw or undercooked beef, poultry (like chicken or duck), and seafood are a gamble. Foods that comprise raw eggs as well are a hazard (like cookie dough or bootleg mayonnaise).
- Milk and unwashed, raw vegetables and fruit likewise can behave Salmonella.
- Eating food prepared on surfaces that were in contact with raw meat (such as a cutting lath, or countertop).
- Eating foods contaminated with human carrion.
- This tin happen if a food worker does not wash his or her hands before handling food.
- Holding, kissing or petting turtles, snakes, lizards, chicks and baby birds.
- These animals are likely to carry Salmonella. People can become infected if they do not wash their hands after they handle these animals or impact their carrion or environment (muzzle, pen, ground, etc.).
- FYI: In 1975 the United states of america Food and Drug Administration banned the auction of minor turtles in the Us because of the hazard of salmonella.
What are the symptoms of salmonella?
- Diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps that develop 12 to 72 hours later on infection
- Headache
- Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite
Diagnosis and Tests
How is salmonella diagnosed?
Salmonella symptoms are vague and tin can be caused past many illnesses. The but way to know for sure that diarrhea, cramps, and fever are caused by Salmonella infection is by a lab test on the sick person's stool.
At that place are more than than 2,000 different types of salmonella bacteria that cause people to go sick. Certain antibiotics practice not work confronting some of these types. If the sick person goes to the physician, the doctor may lodge additional lab tests on the bacteria in the stool sample to identify the type of salmonella. This data will aid the doctor decide what antibiotic to use if that person needs treatment.
Direction and Handling
What is the treatment for salmonella?
Most people with salmonella recover in 4 to 7 days and do non need handling. During the disease, the person should drink enough of fluids to replace the fluid lost past diarrhea.
A person who has astringent diarrhea or is ill for longer than a week may need to be hospitalized. In the hospital, he or she will exist treated with intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may exist used to treat infants, people over historic period 65, people with a weak immune system (like cancer patients), and those who have severe diarrhea and a high fever and take the bacteria in their bloodstream.
What are the complications of salmonella?
Most people who get salmonella experience better within a calendar week and recover completely. It may take a few months before their bowel system is dorsum to normal.
In severe cases, Salmonella bacteria tin get into the bloodstream and travel to the liver, kidneys, or other organs. When this happens, the person must exist treated with antibiotics. If treatment is not started soon enough, the infection tin can crusade death. Nigh 400 people a yr die from salmonella in the United States.
Reiter'due south syndrome is a rare complication of salmonella. In this condition, the person develops joint pain, irritation of the optics, and pain on urination. Reiter's syndrome can concluding for months or years and tin can lead to arthritis that is hard to treat.
Prevention
Are there other take chances factors for salmonella?
Annihilation that changes the digestive tract to get in easier for Salmonella leaner to survive tin increase the risk of getting the infection. These include:
- Recent or extended antibiotic employ. Antibiotics kill off many of the "skilful" bacteria in the stomach and intestine, making it harder to fight off salmonella infection
- Antacids. Antacids lower the breadbasket'due south acrid level, which lets Salmonella survive improve.
- Inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn'due south disease or ulcerative colitis. These diseases harm the intestine lining, making it easier for Salmonella to attach and stay at that place.
- Pets. Exist especially mindful when at that place are both infants and pets in the house because salmonella can exist transmitted by animals to people.
What are some tips for preventing salmonella?
- When cooking, wash your hands, cutting boards, utensils, and countertops after they have been in contact with raw meat or poultry. Wash your easily in between handling different kinds of food (meat and vegetables, for example).
- Launder fresh vegetables and fruit thoroughly before eating.
- Cook food to the recommended safe temperature:
- 145°F for roasts
- 160°F for ground meats
- 165°F for all poultry
- Keep the refrigerator beneath forty°F.
- Put prepared food in the refrigerator within 30 minutes subsequently eating.
- Keep foods that can spoil refrigerated.
- Put fresh foods in the refrigerator promptly after grocery shopping.
- Keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold.
- Exercise non swallow or drink foods containing raw eggs or raw (unpasteurized) milk.
- Wash your hands with soap later on handling snakes, lizards, or other reptiles; birds; or baby chicks.
- Do non allow an infant or person with a weak allowed organisation to touch reptiles or their environment.
Living With
When is it time to phone call the doc if I accept salmonella?
Phone call the doctor if:
- Illness lasts longer than a few days
- Diarrhea is astringent or bloody
- A fever over 101.five°F that lasts longer than a day
- The ill person is at gamble for severe salmonella:
- a person age 65 or older
- an infant
- someone with a weak immune system
- someone with inflammatory bowel illness
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Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15697-salmonella
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